South Korea Weather, climate and geography
Weather & climate
South Korea has four distinct seasons. Spring (March to May) is mild and pleasant, with temperatures generally ranging from 10–20°C (50–68°F). Cherry blossoms appear from late March to early April, especially in Seoul, Busan and Jeju. Summer (June to August) is hot, humid and marked by the monsoon season, with temperatures typically between 25–30°C (77–86°F) and short periods reaching above 33°C (91°F). July and early August see the heaviest rainfall.
Autumn (September to November) is one of the best times to visit, offering clear skies, low humidity and daytime temperatures of around 15–25°C (59–77°F). The autumn foliage peaks from mid-October to early November. Winter (December to February) is cold and dry, with temperatures often falling below freezing. Seoul averages –5 to 5°C (23–41°F), while mountainous regions such as Pyeongchang can be much colder and receive significant snowfall.
South Korea's four-season climate means travellers should pack according to the time of year and regions they plan to visit. In spring and autumn, light layers are ideal for mild days and cooler evenings. Summer is hot and humid, so lightweight, breathable clothing is most comfortable; an umbrella or light rain jacket is advisable during the June–August monsoon period. Winters are cold, especially in the north and in mountainous areas, so warm layers such as a thick coat, scarf, gloves and thermal wear are recommended.
Rain gear is useful throughout the year, with the heaviest rainfall occurring in July and early August. Comfortable footwear is important for city sightseeing, palaces and hiking trails, all of which involve considerable walking. If visiting temples or traditional houses, shoes must be removed when entering, so easy-to-slip-off footwear can be convenient.
Geography
South Korea occupies the southern half of the Korean Peninsula, bordered by the Yellow Sea to the west, the Sea of Japan (East Sea) to the east, and the heavily fortified Demilitarised Zone (DMZ) to the north. Much of the country is mountainous, with the Taebaek range running down the eastern side, leaving most major cities, including Seoul and Busan, located in flatter western and southern regions.
The east coast has rugged cliffs and clear waters, while the south offers gentler beaches and scattered islands, the largest being Jeju, known for its volcanic landscapes and mild climate. Rivers such as the Han and Nakdong shape fertile plains that support agriculture and form scenic valleys. Despite its compact size, South Korea's terrain changes quickly, making travel between regions feel surprisingly varied.
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